Growth Factors & Cytokines Recombinant Proteins

Rat Leptin Recombinant Protein (RPPB0709)

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SKU:
RPPB0709
Product Type:
Recombinant Protein
Species:
Rat
Uniprot:
P50596
Research Area:
Growth Factors & Cytokines

Description

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Product Name:Rat Leptin Recombinant Protein
Product Code:RPPB0709
Size:100µg
Species:Rat
Target:Leptin
Synonyms:OB Protein, Obesity Protein, OBS, Obesity factor.
Source:Escherichia Coli
Physical Appearance:Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Formulation:The protein was lyophilized from a concentrated (0.65mg/ml) solution with 0.003mM NaHCO3.
Solubility:It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized pegylated Rat Leptin in sterile 0.4% NaHCO3 adjusted to pH-8.5, not less than 100�g/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.
Stability:Lyophilized Rat Leptin although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Rat Leptin should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C.For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA).Please prevent freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity:Greater than 99.0% as determined by:(a) Analysis by Gel-Filtration.(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Biological Activity:Pegylated Rat Leptin is capable of stimulatng proliferation of BAF/3 cells stably transfected with the long form of human leptin receptor. Its in vitro activity is only slightly lower than the non-pegylated antagonist but in vivo it has profound weight reducing effect (as compared to the non-pegylated leptin), resulting mainly from reduced food intake.

A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from white adipocytes and implicated in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. Leptin provides the key afferent signal from fat cells in the feedback system that controls body fat stores.

Mono-Pegylated Leptin Rat Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 147 amino acids and an additional Ala at N-terminus having a molecular mass of 35.6 kDa (with 20 kDa PEG) as determined by mass spectometry. However due to enlarged hydrodymanic volume it runs on the SDS-PAGE as 48 kDa protein and in gel-filtration on Superdex 200 as over 100 kDa protein. Its half-life in circulation after SC injection was over 20 hours. Rat Leptin was purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques according to Salomon et al (2006) Protein Expression and Purification 47, 128�136 and then pegylated.

UniProt Protein Function:Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways (PubMed:11677594). In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, increases basal metabolism, influences reproductive function, regulates pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin secretion, is pro-angiogenic for endothelial cell and affects innate and adaptive immunity (PubMed:11460888, PubMed:10482243, PubMed:9003024, PubMed:11677594). In the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, activates by depolarization POMC neurons inducing FOS and SOCS3 expression to release anorexigenic peptides and inhibits by hyperpolarization NPY neurons inducing SOCS3 with a consequent reduction on release of orexigenic peptides (PubMed:10482243, PubMed:9003024). In addition to its known satiety inducing effect, has a modulatory role in nutrient absorption. In the intestine, reduces glucose absorption by enterocytes by activating PKC and leading to a sequential activation of p38, PI3K and ERK signaling pathways which exerts an inhibitory effect on glucose absorption. Acts as a growth factor on certain tissues, through the activation of different signaling pathways increases expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation such as CCND1, via JAK2-STAT3 pathway, or VEGFA, via MAPK1/3 and PI3K-AKT1 pathways. May also play an apoptotic role via JAK2-STAT3 pathway and up-regulation of BIRC5 expression. Pro-angiogenic, has mitogenic activity on vascular endothelial cells and plays a role in matrix remodeling by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) (PubMed:11460888). In innate immunity, modulates the activity and function of neutrophils by increasing chemotaxis and the secretion of oxygen radicals. Increases phagocytosis by macrophages and enhances secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators. Increases cytotoxic ability of NK cells (Probable). Plays a pro-inflammatory role, in synergy with IL1B, by inducing NOS2 wich promotes the production of IL6, IL8 and Prostaglandin E2, through a signaling pathway that involves JAK2, PI3K, MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAPK14/p38. In adaptive immunity, promotes the switch of memory T-cells towards T helper-1 cell immune responses. Increases CD4+CD25- T-cell proliferation and reduces autophagy during TCR (T-cell receptor) stimulation, through MTOR signaling pathway activation and BCL2 up-regulation.
NCBI Summary:involved in regulation of body weight, and may have a role in angiogenesis [RGD, Feb 2006]
UniProt Code:P50596
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:1709436
NCBI Gene ID:25608
NCBI Accession:P50596.1
UniProt Related Accession:P50596
Molecular Weight:18,866 Da
NCBI Full Name:Leptin
NCBI Synonym Full Names:leptin
NCBI Official Symbol:Lep��
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:OB; obese��
NCBI Protein Information:leptin; obesity factor
UniProt Protein Name:Leptin
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:Obesity factor
Protein Family:Leptin
UniProt Gene Name:Lep��
UniProt Entry Name:LEP_RAT
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