Antibody Name:	Raf1 Antibody (PACO21464)
Antibody SKU:	PACO21464
Size:	100ul
Host Species:	Rabbit
Tested Applications:	ELISA, WB
Recommended Dilutions:	ELISA:1:2000-1:10000, WB:1:500-1:1000
Species Reactivity:	Rat
Immunogen:	Peptide sequence around aa. 641-645(T-S-P-R-L ) derived from Rat Raf-1.

Form:	Liquid
Storage Buffer:	Supplied at 1.0mg/mL in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
Purification Method:	Antibodies were produced by immunizing rabbits with synthetic peptide and KLH conjugates. Antibodies were purified by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific peptide
Clonality:	Polyclonal
Isotype:	IgG
Conjugate:	Non-conjugated

Western blot analysis of extract from mouse brain tissue and C6 cells using Raf-1 Antibody.

Background:

A-Raf, B-Raf and c-Raf (Raf-1) are the main effectors recruited by GTP-bound Ras to activate the MEK-MAP kinase pathway (1). Activation of c-Raf is the best understood and involves phosphorylation at multiple activating sites including Ser338, Tyr341, Thr491, Ser494, Ser497 and Ser499 (2). p21-activated protein kinase (PAK) has been shown to phosphorylate c-Raf at Ser338 and the Src family phosphorylates Tyr341 to induce c-Raf activity (3,4). Ser338 of c-Raf corresponds to similar sites in A-Raf (Ser299) and B-Raf (Ser445), although this site is constitutively phosphorylated in B-Raf (5). Inhibitory 14-3-3 binding sites on c-Raf (Ser259 and Ser621) can be phosphorylated by Akt and AMPK, respectively (6,7). While A-Raf, B-Raf and c-Raf are similar in sequence and function, differential regulation has been observed (8). Of particular interest, B-Raf contains three consensus Akt phosphorylation sites (Ser364, Ser428 and Thr439) and lacks a site equivalent to Tyr341 of c-Raf (8,9). The B-Raf mutation V600E results in elevated kinase activity and is commonly found in malignant melanoma (10). Six residues of c-Raf (Ser29, Ser43, Ser289, Ser296, Ser301 and Ser642) become hyperphosphorylated in a manner consistent with c-Raf inactivation. The hyperphosphorylation of these six sites is dependent on downstream MEK signaling and renders c-Raf unresponsive to Chong, H. et al. (2001) EMBO J. 20, 3716-3727. Fabian, J.R. et al. (1993) Mol. Cell Biol. 13, 7170-7179.

Synonyms:

c-RAF; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase;

UniProt Protein Function:	Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2). The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75'. Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation. Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity. Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1). Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death. Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing. Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN. Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation (). Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T.
UniProt Protein Details:
NCBI Summary:	acts as a mitogenic protein kinase; mutant forms may play a role in transformation [RGD, Feb 2006]
UniProt Code:	P11345
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	6981458
NCBI Gene ID:	24703
NCBI Accession:	NP_036771.1
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P11345
UniProt Related Accession:	P11345
Molecular Weight:	72,928 Da
NCBI Full Name:	RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase
NCBI Official Symbol:	Raf1
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:
NCBI Protein Information:	RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase
UniProt Protein Name:	RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Proto-oncogene c-RAF; cRaf; Raf-1
Protein Family:	Rik1-associated factor
UniProt Gene Name:	Raf1
UniProt Entry Name: