Product Name:	Human Viperin / RSAD2 ELISA Kit
Product Code:	HUFI01941
Size:	96 Assays
Alias:	RSAD2, Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2, Virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, interferon-inducible, Cytomegalovirus-induced gene 5 protein, Viperin
Detection method:	Competitive ELISA, Coated with Antibody
Application:	This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human RSAD2 concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:	0.469ng/ml
Range:	0.781-50ng/ml
Storage:	4°C for 6 months
Note:	For Research Use Only

Recovery:

Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human RSAD2 and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human RSAD2 in samples.

Matrix	Recovery range(%)	Average(%)
serum(n=5)	85-103	95
EDTA plasma(n=5)	88-98	93
UFH plasma(n=5)	88-99	92

Linearity:

The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human RSAD2 and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.

Sample	1:2	1:4	1:8
serum(n=5)	91-102%	85-104%	91-99%
EDTA plasma(n=5)	89-98%	82-97%	82-97%
UFH plasma(n=5)	90-100%	81-96%	95-99%

CV(%):

Intra-Assay: CV<8%
Inter-Assay: CV<10%

Component	Quantity	Storage
ELISA Microplate(Dismountable)	8×12 strips	4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard	2	4°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer	20ml	4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)	60ul	4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
TMB Substrate	10ml	4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution	10ml	4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)	30ml	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipettetips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

Uniprot

Q8WXG1

UniProt Protein Function:	RSAD2: Interferon-inducible iron-sulfur (4FE-4S) cluster- binding antiviral protein which plays a major role in the cell antiviral state induced by type I and type II interferon. Can inhibit a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses, including human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), west Nile virus (WNV), dengue virus, sindbis virus, influenza A virus, sendai virus, vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Displays antiviral activity against influenza A virus by inhibiting the budding of the virus from the plasma membrane by disturbing the lipid rafts. This is accomplished, at least in part, through binding and inhibition of the enzyme farnesyl diphospate synthase (FPPS), which is essential for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid-derived lipids. Promotes TLR7 and TLR9-dependent production of IFN-beta production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) by facilitating Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of IRAK1. Plays a role in CD4+ T-cells activation and differentiation. Facilitates T-cell receptor (TCR)-mediated GATA3 activation and optimal T helper 2 (Th2) cytokine production by modulating NFKB1 and JUNB activities. Can inhibit secretion of soluble proteins. Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. RSAD2 family.
UniProt Protein Details:	Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 2p25.2 Cellular Component: endoplasmic reticulum; endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Golgi apparatus; lipid particle; mitochondrial inner membrane; mitochondrial outer membrane; mitochondrion Molecular Function:4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding; catalytic activity; metal ion binding; protein binding; protein self-association Biological Process: CD4-positive, alpha beta T cell differentiation; cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway; defense response to virus; metabolic process; negative regulation of protein secretion; negative regulation of viral genome replication; positive regulation of toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway; positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway; response to virus; viral reproduction
UniProt Code:	Q8WXG1
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	74724033
NCBI Gene ID:	91543
NCBI Accession:	Q8WXG1.1
UniProt Secondary Accession:	Q8WXG1,Q8WVI4,
UniProt Related Accession:	Q8WXG1
Molecular Weight:	42,170 Da
NCBI Full Name:	Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2
NCBI Official Symbol:	RSAD2
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	cig5; vig1; cig33; 2510004L01Rik
NCBI Protein Information:	radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2
UniProt Protein Name:	Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein 2
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	Cytomegalovirus-induced gene 5 protein; Viperin; Virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, interferon-inducible
Protein Family:	Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing protein
UniProt Gene Name:	RSAD2
UniProt Entry Name:	RSAD2_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Equilibrate the TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37°C beforeuse. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely andevenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

Step	Protocol
1.	Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coatedplate respectively, and then, record their positions. It isrecommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Washplate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.	Add Sample and Biotin-detection antibody: Add 50µL of Standard, Blank or Sample per well. The blankwell is added with Sample Dilution Buffer. Immediately add 50 µL of biotin-labelled antibody workingsolution to each well. Cover with the plate sealer provided. Gently tap the plate to ensure thoroughmixing. Incubate for 45 minutes at 37°C. (Solutions are added to the bottom of micro-ELISA platewell, avoid touching plate walls and foaming).
3.	Wash: Aspirate each well and wash, repeating the process three timesWash by filling each well with Wash Buffer (approximately 350µL)using a squirt bottle, multi-channel pipette, manifold dispenser orautomated washer. Complete removal of liquid at each step is essentialto good performance. After the last wash, remove any remaining WashBuffer by aspirating or decanting. Invert the plate and pat it againstthick clean absorbent paper.
4.	HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC): Add 100µL of SABC workingsolution to each well. Cover with a new Plate sealer. Incubate for30minutes at 37°C.
5.	Wash: Repeat the aspiration/wash process for five times.
6.	TMB Substrate: Add 90µL of TMB Substrate to each well. Coverwith a new Plate sealer. Incubate for about 10-20 minutes at 37°C.Protect from light. The reaction time can be shortened or extendedaccording to the actual color change, but not more than 30minutes.When apparent gradient appeared in standard wells, you can terminatethe reaction.
7.	Stop: Add 50µL of Stop Solution to each well. Color turn toyellow immediately. The adding order of stop solution should be as thesame as the substrate solution.
8.	OD Measurement: Determine the optical density (OD Value) of each wellat once, using a microplate reader set to 450 nm. You should open themicroplate reader ahead, preheat the instrument, and set the testing parameters.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.