Product Name:	Human LFNG (Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe) ELISA Kit
Product Code:	HUFI05091
Size:	96 Assays
Alias:	LFNG ELISA Kit
Detection method:	Sandwich ELISA, Double Antibody
Application:	This immunoassay kit allows for the in vitro quantitative determination of Human LFNG (Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe) concentrations in serum plasma and other biological fluids.
Sensitivity:	< 0.094ng/ml
Range:	0.156-10ng/ml
Storage:	4°C for 6 months
Note:	For Research Use Only

Recovery:	Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of Human LFNG (Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe) and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Human LFNG (Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe) in samples. Enquire for more information.
Linearity:	The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Human LFNG (Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe) and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected. Enquire for more information.
CV(%):	Intra-Assay: CV<8% Inter-Assay: CV<10%

Component	Quantity	Storage
ELISA Microplate (Dismountable)	8×12 strips	4°C for 6 months
Lyophilized Standard	2	4°C/-20°C
Sample/Standard Dilution Buffer	20ml	4°C
Biotin-labeled Antibody(Concentrated)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
Antibody Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
HRP-Streptavidin Conjugate(SABC)	120ul	4°C (Protect from light)
SABC Dilution Buffer	10ml	4°C
TMB Substrate	10ml	4°C (Protect from light)
Stop Solution	10ml	4°C
Wash Buffer(25X)	30ml	4°C
Plate Sealer	5	-

Other materials and equipment required:

Microplate reader with 450 nm wavelength filter
Multichannel Pipette, Pipette, microcentrifuge tubes and disposable pipette tips
Incubator
Deionized or distilled water
Absorbent paper
Buffer resevoir

UniProt Protein Function:	LFNG: Glycosyltransferase that initiates the elongation of O- linked fucose residues attached to EGF-like repeats in the extracellular domain of Notch molecules. Decreases the binding of JAGGED1 to NOTCH2 but not that of DELTA1. Essential mediator of somite segmentation and patterning. Defects in LFNG are the cause of spondylocostal dysostosis type 3 (SCDO3). An autosomal recessive condition of variable severity associated with vertebral and rib segmentation defects. The main skeletal malformations include fusion of vertebrae, hemivertebrae, fusion of certain ribs, and other rib malformations. Deformity of the chest and spine (severe scoliosis, kyphoscoliosis and lordosis) is a natural consequence of the malformation and leads to a dwarf-like appearance. As the thorax is small, infants frequently have respiratory insufficiency and repeated respiratory infections resulting in life-threatening complications in the first year of life. Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:Cell cycle regulation; Transferase; Membrane protein, integral; EC 2.4.1.222 Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 7p22.2 Cellular Component: extracellular region; integral to Golgi membrane; vesicle Molecular Function:metal ion binding; O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity Biological Process: compartment specification; somitogenesis; organ morphogenesis; Notch signaling pathway; regulation of Notch signaling pathway; positive regulation of protein binding; ovarian follicle development; metabolic process; female meiosis; regulation of somitogenesis; positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway Disease: Spondylocostal Dysostosis 3, Autosomal Recessive
NCBI Summary:	This gene is a member of the fringe gene family which also includes radical and manic fringe genes. They all encode evolutionarily conserved glycosyltransferases that act in the Notch signaling pathway to define boundaries during embryonic development. While their genomic structure is distinct from other glycosyltransferases, fringe proteins have a fucose-specific beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity that leads to elongation of O-linked fucose residues on Notch, which alters Notch signaling. This gene product is predicted to be a single-pass type II Golgi membrane protein but it may also be secreted and proteolytically processed like the related proteins in mouse and Drosophila (PMID: 9187150). Mutations in this gene have been associated with autosomal recessive spondylocostal dysostosis 3. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]
UniProt Code:	Q8NES3
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	27734417
NCBI Gene ID:	3955
NCBI Accession:	Q8NES3.2
UniProt Secondary Accession:	Q8NES3,O00589, Q96C39, Q9UJW5, B3KTY6, B5MCR5,
UniProt Related Accession:	Q8NES3
Molecular Weight:	379
NCBI Full Name:	Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	LFNG O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
NCBI Official Symbol:	LFNG
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	SCDO3
NCBI Protein Information:	beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe
UniProt Protein Name:	Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
Protein Family:	Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase lunatic fringe
UniProt Gene Name:	LFNG
UniProt Entry Name:	LFNG_HUMAN

*Note: Protocols are specific to each batch/lot. For the correct instructions please follow the protocol included in your kit.

Before adding to wells, equilibrate the SABC working solution and TMB substrate for at least 30 min at 37 °C. When diluting samples and reagents, they must be mixed completely and evenly. It is recommended to plot a standard curve for each test.

Step	Protocol
1.	Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate respectively, and then, record their positions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Wash plate 2 times before adding standard, sample and control (zero) wells!
2.	Aliquot 0.1ml standard solutions into the standard wells.
3.	Add 0.1 ml of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
4.	Add 0.1 ml of properly diluted sample ( Human serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.) into test sample wells.
5.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 90 min.
6.	Remove the cover and discard the plate content, clap the plate on the absorbent filter papers or other absorbent material. Do NOT let the wells completely dry at any time. Wash plate X2.
7.	Add 0.1 ml of Biotin- detection antibody working solution into the above wells (standard, test sample & zero wells). Add the solution at the bottom of each well without touching the side wall.
8.	Seal the plate with a cover and incubate at 37 °C for 60 min.
9.	Remove the cover, and wash plate 3 times with Wash buffer. Let wash buffer rest in wells for 1 min between each wash.
10.	Add 0.1 ml of SABC working solution into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37 °C for 30 min.
11.	Remove the cover and wash plate 5 times with Wash buffer, and each time let the wash buffer stay in the wells for 1-2 min.
12.	Add 90 µL of TMB substrate into each well, cover the plate and incubate at 37 °C in dark within 10-20 min. (Note: This incubation time is for reference use only, the optimal time should be determined by end user.) And the shades of blue can be seen in the first 3-4 wells (with most concentrated standard solutions), the other wells show no obvious color.
13.	Add 50 µL of Stop solution into each well and mix thoroughly. The color changes into yellow immediately.
14.	Read the O.D. absorbance at 450 nm in a microplate reader immediately after adding the stop solution.

When carrying out an ELISA assay it is important to prepare your samples in order to achieve the best possible results. Below we have a list of procedures for the preparation of samples for different sample types.

Sample Type	Protocol
Serum	If using serum separator tubes, allow samples to clot for 30 minutes at room temperature. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Collect the serum fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. If serum separator tubes are not being used, allow samples to clot overnight at 2-8°C. Centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,000x g. Remove serum and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles.
Plasma	Collect plasma using EDTA or heparin as an anticoagulant. Centrifuge samples at 4°C for 15 mins at 1000 × g within 30 mins of collection. Collect the plasma fraction and assay promptly or aliquot and store the samples at -80°C. Avoid multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Note: Over haemolysed samples are not suitable for use with this kit.
Urine & Cerebrospinal Fluid	Collect the urine (mid-stream) in a sterile container, centrifuge for 20 mins at 2000-3000 rpm. Remove supernatant and assay immediately. If any precipitation is detected, repeat the centrifugation step. A similar protocol can be used for cerebrospinal fluid.
Cell culture supernatant	Collect the cell culture media by pipette, followed by centrifugation at 4°C for 20 mins at 1500 rpm. Collect the clear supernatant and assay immediately.
Cell lysates	Solubilize cells in lysis buffer and allow to sit on ice for 30 minutes. Centrifuge tubes at 14,000 x g for 5 minutes to remove insoluble material. Aliquot the supernatant into a new tube and discard the remaining whole cell extract. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Tissue homogenates	The preparation of tissue homogenates will vary depending upon tissue type. Rinse tissue with 1X PBS to remove excess blood & homogenize in 20ml of 1X PBS (including protease inhibitors) and store overnight at ≤ -20°C. Two freeze-thaw cycles are required to break the cell membranes. To further disrupt the cell membranes you can sonicate the samples. Centrifuge homogenates for 5 mins at 5000xg. Remove the supernatant and assay immediately or aliquot and store at -20°C or -80°C.
Tissue lysates	Rinse tissue with PBS, cut into 1-2 mm pieces, and homogenize with a tissue homogenizer in PBS. Add an equal volume of RIPA buffer containing protease inhibitors and lyse tissues at room temperature for 30 minutes with gentle agitation. Centrifuge to remove debris. Quantify total protein concentration using a total protein assay. Assay immediately or aliquot and store at ≤ -20 °C.
Breast Milk	Collect milk samples and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 60 min at 4°C. Aliquot the supernatant and assay. For long term use, store samples at -80°C. Minimize freeze/thaw cycles.