Description
| Assay type: | Sandwich |
| Format: | 96T |
| Assay time: | 4.5h |
| Reactivity: | Human |
| Detection Method: | Colormetric |
| Detection Range: | 0.31-20 ng/mL |
| Sensitivity: | 0.19 ng/mL |
| Sample Volume Required Per Well: | 100µL |
| Sample Type: | Serum, plasma and other biological fluids |
| Specificity: | This kit recognizes Human KL in samples. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human KL and analogues was observed. |
This ELISA kit uses Sandwich-ELISA as the method. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human KL. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Human KL and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added to each micro plate well successively and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Human KL, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by adding Stop Solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Human KL. The concentration of Human KL in samples can be calculated by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.
| UniProt Protein Function: | Klotho: May have weak glycosidase activity towards glucuronylated steroids. However, it lacks essential active site Glu residues at positions 239 and 872, suggesting it may be inactive as a glycosidase in vivo. May be involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis by inhibiting the synthesis of active vitamin D. Essential factor for the specific interaction between FGF23 and FGFR1. Defects in KL are a cause of hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis (HFTC). A severe metabolic disorder that manifests with hyperphosphatemia and massive calcium deposits in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Some patients manifest recurrent, transient, painful swellings of the long bones associated with the radiographic findings of periosteal reaction and cortical hyperostosis and absence of skin involvement. Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. Klotho subfamily. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:Membrane protein, integral; Hydrolase; EC 3. 2. 1. 31 Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 13q12 Cellular Component: extracellular region; integral to plasma membrane; plasma membrane Molecular Function:1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity; beta-glucosidase activity; fibroblast growth factor binding; fibroblast growth factor receptor binding; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity; Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity Biological Process: aging; fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway; MAPKKK cascade; phosphoinositide-mediated signaling; positive regulation of bone mineralization; regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade Disease: Tumoral Calcinosis, Hyperphosphatemic, Familial |
| NCBI Summary: | This gene encodes a type-I membrane protein that is related to beta-glucosidases. Reduced production of this protein has been observed in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), and this may be one of the factors underlying the degenerative processes (e. g. , arteriosclerosis, osteoporosis, and skin atrophy) seen in CRF. Also, mutations within this protein have been associated with ageing and bone loss. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
| UniProt Code: | Q9UEF7 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 77416517 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 9365 |
| NCBI Accession: | Q9UEF7. 2 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | Q9UEF7,Q5VZ95, Q96KV5, Q96KW5, Q9UEI9, Q9Y4F0, |
| UniProt Related Accession: | Q9UEF7 |
| Molecular Weight: | 62,135 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Klotho |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | klotho |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | KL |
| NCBI Protein Information: | klotho |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Klotho |
| Protein Family: | Klotho |
| UniProt Gene Name: | KL |
| UniProt Entry Name: | KLOT_HUMAN |
As the OD values of the standard curve may vary according to the conditions of the actual assay performance (e. g. operator, pipetting technique, washing technique or temperature effects), the operator should establish a standard curve for each test. Typical standard curve and data is provided below for reference only.
| Concentration (ng/mL) | O.D | Average | Corrected |
| 20 | 2.219 2.253 | 2.236 | 2.16 |
| 10 | 1.434 1.444 | 1.439 | 1.363 |
| 5 | 0.871 0.847 | 0.859 | 0.783 |
| 2.5 | 0.444 0.456 | 0.45 | 0.374 |
| 1.25 | 0.27 0.242 | 0.256 | 0.18 |
| 0.63 | 0.177 0.155 | 0.166 | 0.09 |
| 0.31 | 0.112 0.132 | 0.122 | 0.046 |
| 0 | 0.07 0.082 | 0.076 | -- |
Precision
Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): 3 samples with low, mid range and high level Human KL were tested 20 times on one plate, respectively.
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): 3 samples with low, mid range and high level Human KL were tested on 3 different plates, 20 replicates in each plate.
| Intra-assay Precision | Inter-assay Precision | |||||
| Sample | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| n | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Mean (ng/mL) | 1.04 | 2.05 | 9.74 | 0.97 | 2.04 | 9.08 |
| Standard deviation | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.34 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0.48 |
| C V (%) | 5.77 | 5.37 | 3.49 | 5.15 | 4.90 | 5.29 |
Recovery
The recovery of Human KL spiked at three different levels in samples throughout the range of the assay was evaluated in various matrices.
| Sample Type | Range (%) | Average Recovery (%) |
| Serum (n=5) | 86-99 | 91 |
| EDTA plasma (n=5) | 89-102 | 96 |
| Cell culture media (n=5) | 85-98 | 90 |
Linearity
Samples were spiked with high concentrations of Human KL and diluted with Reference Standard & Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the range of the assay.
| Serum (n=5) | EDTA plasma (n=5) | Cell culture media (n=5) | ||
| 1:2 | Range (%) | 99-114 | 97-113 | 97-108 |
| Average (%) | 106 | 105 | 102 | |
| 1:4 | Range (%) | 89-101 | 81-92 | 81-93 |
| Average (%) | 95 | 87 | 87 | |
| 1:8 | Range (%) | 89-100 | 87-102 | 85-100 |
| Average (%) | 95 | 93 | 91 | |
| 1:16 | Range (%) | 94-107 | 80-90 | 88-102 |
| Average (%) | 99 | 85 | 93 |
An unopened kit can be stored at 4°C for 1 month. If the kit is not used within 1 month, store the items separately according to the following conditions once the kit is received.
| Item | Specifications | Storage |
| Micro ELISA Plate(Dismountable) | 8 wells ×12 strips | -20°C, 6 months |
| Reference Standard | 2 vials | |
| Concentrated Biotinylated Detection Ab (100×) | 1 vial, 120 µL | |
| Concentrated HRP Conjugate (100×) | 1 vial, 120 µL | -20°C(shading light), 6 months |
| Reference Standard & Sample Diluent | 1 vial, 20 mL | 4°C, 6 months |
| Biotinylated Detection Ab Diluent | 1 vial, 14 mL | |
| HRP Conjugate Diluent | 1 vial, 14 mL | |
| Concentrated Wash Buffer (25×) | 1 vial, 30 mL | |
| Substrate Reagent | 1 vial, 10 mL | 4°C(shading light) |
| Stop Solution | 1 vial, 10 mL | 4°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 pieces | |
| Product Description | 1 copy | |
| Certificate of Analysis | 1 copy |
- Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate and record theirpositions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Note: addall solutions to the bottom of the plate wells while avoiding contact with the well walls. Ensuresolutions do not foam when adding to the wells.
- Aliquot 100µl of standard solutions into the standard wells.
- Add 100µl of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
- Add 100µl of properly diluted sample (serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and otherbiological fluids) into test sample wells.
- Cover the plate with the sealer provided in the kit and incubate for 90 min at 37°C.
- Aspirate the liquid from each well, do not wash. Immediately add 100µL of BiotinylatedDetection Ab working solution to each well. Cover the plate with a plate seal and gently mix. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C.
- Aspirate or decant the solution from the plate and add 350µL of wash buffer to each welland incubate for 1-2 minutes at room temperature. Aspirate the solution from each well andclap the plate on absorbent filter paper to dry. Repeat this process 3 times. Note: a microplatewasher can be used in this step and other wash steps.
- Add 100µL of HRP Conjugate working solution to each well. Cover with a plate seal andincubate for 30 min at 37°C.
- Aspirate or decant the solution from each well. Repeat the wash process for five times asconducted in step 7.
- Add 90µL of Substrate Reagent to each well. Cover with a new plate seal and incubate forapproximately 15 min at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. Note: the reaction time can beshortened or extended according to the actual color change, but not by more than 30min.
- Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well. Note: Adding the stop solution should be done inthe same order as the substrate solution.
- Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well immediately with a microplate readerset at 450 nm.
