Human GM-CSF/CSF2 Recombinant Protein (RPES0950)

Human GM-CSF/CSF2 Recombinant Protein

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a type of cytokine that plays an important part in the implantation and growth of embryos. Several cell lineages in the reproductive tract and gestational tissues synthesise GM-CSF under direction by ovarian steroid hormones and signalling agents originating in male seminal fluid and the conceptus. GM-CSF controls the pre-implantation embryo, invading placental trophoblast cells, and the large populations of leukocytes that control maternal immune tolerance. GM-CSF promotes the differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells to neutrophils and monocytes, which reduces the incidence of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients. GM-CSF has been found to convert myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) into T-helper type 1 (cellular) immune responders. The protein's active form is found outside of the cell as a homodimer and the gene that is responsible for it is located in a 5q31 region linked to 5q-syndrome and acute myelogenous leukemia. Based on the immune/inflammatory cascade, GM-CSF activates Th1 biased immunity, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the formation of autoimmune diseases, therefore making it a potential therapeutic target. G-CSF has been used in the treatment of a variety of disease states in clinical practice. GM-CSF has also been used in the treatment of malignancies as a single therapy, as well as an immunostimulant. While the advantages of GM-CSF in this category have been promising, recent discoveries suggest the potential for GM-CSF to induce immune suppression and, as a result, decrease cancer treatment success. GM-CSF deficiency in pregnancy adversely impacts fetal and placental development, as well as progeny viability and growth after birth, highlighting this cytokine as a central maternal determinant of pregnancy outcome with clinical relevance in human fertility. Human GM-CSF/CSF2 Recombinant Protein is a highly pure recombinant protein developed by Assay Genie for use in a range of applications.