Assay type:	Sandwich
Format:	96T
Assay time:	4.5h
Reactivity:	Human
Detection Method:	Colormetric
Detection Range:	0.94-60 ng/mL
Sensitivity:	0.56 ng/mL
Sample Volume Required Per Well:	100µL
Sample Type:	Serum, plasma and other biological fluids
Specificity:	This kit recognizes Human cADPRH/CD38 in samples. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human cADPRH/CD38 and analogues was observed.

This ELISA kit uses Sandwich-ELISA as the method. The micro ELISA plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Human cADPRH/CD38. Standards or samples are added to the appropriate micro ELISA plate wells and combined with the specific antibody. Then a biotinylated detection antibody specific for Human cADPRH/CD38 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added to each micro plate well successively and incubated. Free components are washed away. The substrate solution is added to each well. Only those wells that contain Human cADPRH/CD38, biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will appear blue in color. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by adding Stop Solution and the color turns yellow. The optical density (OD) is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. The OD value is proportional to the concentration of Human cADPRH/CD38. The concentration of Human cADPRH/CD38 in samples can be calculated by comparing the OD of the samples to the standard curve.

UniProt Protein Function:	CD38: Synthesizes cyclic ADP-ribose, a second messenger for glucose-induced insulin secretion. Also has cADPr hydrolase activity. Also moonlights as a receptor in cells of the immune system. Belongs to the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing.
UniProt Protein Details:	Protein type:EC 3. 2. 2. 6; EC 2. 4. 99. 20; Cofactor and Vitamin Metabolism - nicotinate and nicotinamide; Hydrolase; Cell surface; Apoptosis; Lyase; Membrane protein, integral; Cell cycle regulation Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 4p15 Cellular Component: cell surface; membrane; integral to membrane; plasma membrane; nucleus Molecular Function:transferase activity; phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity; NAD+ nucleosidase activity; NAD(P)+ nucleosidase activity Biological Process: response to drug; response to retinoic acid; metabolic process; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; positive regulation of insulin secretion; female pregnancy; signal transduction; positive regulation of cell growth; response to estradiol stimulus; B cell receptor signaling pathway; elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; response to hydroperoxide; positive regulation of B cell proliferation; positive regulation of vasoconstriction; response to hypoxia; response to progesterone stimulus; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent; negative regulation of bone resorption; negative regulation of apoptosis
NCBI Summary:	CD38 is a novel multifunctional ectoenzyme widely expressed in cells and tissues especially in leukocytes. CD38 also functions in cell adhesion,signal transduction and calcium signaling. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
UniProt Code:	P28907
NCBI GenInfo Identifier:	55977782
NCBI Gene ID:	952
NCBI Accession:	P28907. 2
UniProt Secondary Accession:	P28907,O00121, O00122, Q96HY4,
UniProt Related Accession:	P28907
Molecular Weight:	300
NCBI Full Name:	ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1
NCBI Synonym Full Names:	CD38 molecule
NCBI Official Symbol:	CD38
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols:	T10; ADPRC 1
NCBI Protein Information:	ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1; cADPr hydrolase 1; CD38 antigen (p45); NAD(+) nucleosidase; ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1; 2'-phospho-ADP-ribosyl cyclase; 2'-phospho-cyclic-ADP-ribose transferase; 2'-phospho-ADP-ribosyl cyclase/2'-phospho-cyclic-ADP-ribose transferase
UniProt Protein Name:	ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1
UniProt Synonym Protein Names:	2'-phospho-ADP-ribosyl cyclase; 2'-phospho-ADP-ribosyl cyclase/2'-phospho-cyclic-ADP-ribose transferase (EC:2. 4. 99. 20); 2'-phospho-cyclic-ADP-ribose transferase; ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1; ADPRC 1; Cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1; cADPr hydrolase 1; T10; CD_antigen: CD38
Protein Family:	ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase
UniProt Gene Name:	CD38
UniProt Entry Name:	CD38_HUMAN

As the OD values of the standard curve may vary according to the conditions of the actual assay performance (e. g. operator, pipetting technique, washing technique or temperature effects), the operator should establish a standard curve for each test. Typical standard curve and data is provided below for reference only.

Concentration (ng/mL)	O.D	Average	Corrected
60	2.438 2.448	2.443	2.368
30	1.639 1.689	1.664	1.589
15	0.955 0.951	0.953	0.878
7.5	0.484 0.504	0.494	0.419
3.75	0.259 0.255	0.257	0.182
1.88	0.185 0.161	0.173	0.098
0.94	0.126 0.126	0.126	0.051
0	0.071 0.079	0.075	--

Precision

Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): 3 samples with low, mid range and high level Human cADPRH/CD38 were tested 20 times on one plate, respectively.

Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): 3 samples with low, mid range and high level Human cADPRH/CD38 were tested on 3 different plates, 20 replicates in each plate.

	Intra-assay Precision			Inter-assay Precision
Sample	1	2	3	1	2	3
n	20	20	20	20	20	20
Mean (ng/mL)	3.15	6.75	27.89	3.33	6.48	29.83
Standard deviation	0.16	0.39	1.52	0.20	0.33	1.34
C V (%)	5.08	5.78	5.45	6.01	5.09	4.49

Recovery

The recovery of Human cADPRH/CD38 spiked at three different levels in samples throughout the range of the assay was evaluated in various matrices.

Sample Type	Range (%)	Average Recovery (%)
Serum (n=5)	86-99	93
EDTA plasma (n=5)	95-111	101
Cell culture media (n=5)	95-110	101

Linearity

Samples were spiked with high concentrations of Human cADPRH/CD38 and diluted with Reference Standard & Sample Diluent to produce samples with values within the range of the assay.

		Serum (n=5)	EDTA plasma (n=5)	Cell culture media (n=5)
1:2	Range (%)	86-98	90-103	92-106
1:2	Average (%)	92	96	98
1:4	Range (%)	93-108	85-101	83-97
1:4	Average (%)	99	92	90
1:8	Range (%)	88-100	79-90	90-101
1:8	Average (%)	95	85	95
1:16	Range (%)	89-102	81-94	83-97
1:16	Average (%)	96	87	90

An unopened kit can be stored at 4°C for 1 month. If the kit is not used within 1 month, store the items separately according to the following conditions once the kit is received.

Item	Specifications	Storage
Micro ELISA Plate(Dismountable)	8 wells ×12 strips	-20°C, 6 months
Reference Standard	2 vials
Concentrated Biotinylated Detection Ab (100×)	1 vial, 120 µL
Concentrated HRP Conjugate (100×)	1 vial, 120 µL	-20°C(shading light), 6 months
Reference Standard & Sample Diluent	1 vial, 20 mL	4°C, 6 months
Biotinylated Detection Ab Diluent	1 vial, 14 mL
HRP Conjugate Diluent	1 vial, 14 mL
Concentrated Wash Buffer (25×)	1 vial, 30 mL
Substrate Reagent	1 vial, 10 mL	4°C(shading light)
Stop Solution	1 vial, 10 mL	4°C
Plate Sealer	5 pieces
Product Description	1 copy
Certificate of Analysis	1 copy

Set standard, test sample and control (zero) wells on the pre-coated plate and record theirpositions. It is recommended to measure each standard and sample in duplicate. Note: addall solutions to the bottom of the plate wells while avoiding contact with the well walls. Ensuresolutions do not foam when adding to the wells.
Aliquot 100µl of standard solutions into the standard wells.
Add 100µl of Sample / Standard dilution buffer into the control (zero) well.
Add 100µl of properly diluted sample (serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and otherbiological fluids) into test sample wells.
Cover the plate with the sealer provided in the kit and incubate for 90 min at 37°C.
Aspirate the liquid from each well, do not wash. Immediately add 100µL of BiotinylatedDetection Ab working solution to each well. Cover the plate with a plate seal and gently mix. Incubate for 1 hour at 37°C.
Aspirate or decant the solution from the plate and add 350µL of wash buffer to each welland incubate for 1-2 minutes at room temperature. Aspirate the solution from each well andclap the plate on absorbent filter paper to dry. Repeat this process 3 times. Note: a microplatewasher can be used in this step and other wash steps.
Add 100µL of HRP Conjugate working solution to each well. Cover with a plate seal andincubate for 30 min at 37°C.
Aspirate or decant the solution from each well. Repeat the wash process for five times asconducted in step 7.
Add 90µL of Substrate Reagent to each well. Cover with a new plate seal and incubate forapproximately 15 min at 37°C. Protect the plate from light. Note: the reaction time can beshortened or extended according to the actual color change, but not by more than 30min.
Add 50 µL of Stop Solution to each well. Note: Adding the stop solution should be done inthe same order as the substrate solution.
Determine the optical density (OD value) of each well immediately with a microplate readerset at 450 nm.