| UniProt Protein Function: | DIO2: Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'- tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development. Belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. 2 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. |
| UniProt Protein Details: | Protein type:EC 1.97.1.10; Oxidoreductase; Membrane protein, integral Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 14q24.2-q24.3 Cellular Component: membrane; plasma membrane Molecular Function:selenium binding; thyroxine 5'-deiodinase activity; ubiquitin protein ligase binding Biological Process: thyroid hormone generation; thyroid hormone metabolic process |
| NCBI Summary: | The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. It catalyzes the conversion of prohormone thyroxine (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine, T4) to the bioactive thyroid hormone (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, T3) by outer ring 5'-deiodination. This gene is widely expressed, including in thyroid, placenta, pituitary and brain. It is thought to be responsible for the 'local' production of T3, and thus important in influencing thyroid hormone action in these tissues. It has also been reported to be highly expressed in thyroids of patients with Graves disease, and in follicular adenomas. The intrathyroidal T4 to T3 conversion by this enzyme may contribute significantly to the relative increase in thyroidal T3 production in these patients. This protein is a selenoprotein containing the rare selenocysteine (Sec) amino acid at its active site, and may contain additional Sec residues. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2016] |
| UniProt Code: | Q92813 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 172045839 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 1734 |
| NCBI Accession: | Q92813.4 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | Q92813,Q6B0A3, Q9HCP8, Q9P1W4, Q9UDZ1, B9EGK0, G3V315 |
| UniProt Related Accession: | Q92813 |
| Molecular Weight: | 34,704 Da |
| NCBI Full Name: | Type II iodothyronine deiodinase |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | DIO2 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | D2; 5DII; SelY; DIOII; TXDI2 |
| NCBI Protein Information: | type II iodothyronine deiodinase |
| UniProt Protein Name: | Type II iodothyronine deiodinase |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | 5DII; DIOII; Type 2 DI; Type-II 5'-deiodinase |
| Protein Family: | Type II iodothyronine deiodinase |
| UniProt Gene Name: | DIO2 |
| UniProt Entry Name: | IOD2_HUMAN |
