| Background: | AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, a noncatalytic beta subunit, and a noncatalytic regulatory gamma subunit. Various forms of each of these subunits exist, encoded by different genes. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status and functions by inactivating key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This gene is a member of the AMPK gamma subunit family. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and glycogen storage disease of the heart. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. |
| UniProt Protein Function: | AMP/ATP-binding subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Gamma non-catalytic subunit mediates binding to AMP, ADP and ATP, leading to activate or inhibit AMPK: AMP-binding results in allosteric activation of alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) both by inducing phosphorylation and preventing dephosphorylation of catalytic subunits. ADP also stimulates phosphorylation, without stimulating already phosphorylated catalytic subunit. ATP promotes dephosphorylation of catalytic subunit, rendering the AMPK enzyme inactive. |
| NCBI Summary: | AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric protein composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, a noncatalytic beta subunit, and a noncatalytic regulatory gamma subunit. Various forms of each of these subunits exist, encoded by different genes. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status and functions by inactivating key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This gene is a member of the AMPK gamma subunit family. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and glycogen storage disease of the heart. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015] |
| UniProt Code: | Q9UGJ0 |
| NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 100913192 |
| NCBI Gene ID: | 51422 |
| NCBI Accession: | NP_001035723.1 |
| UniProt Secondary Accession: | Q9UGJ0,Q53Y07, Q6NUI0, Q75MP4, Q9NUZ9, Q9UDN8, Q9ULX8 |
| UniProt Related Accession: | Q9UGJ0 |
| Molecular Weight: | Observed: 65 kDaPredicted: 64 kDa |
| NCBI Full Name: | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 isoform c |
| NCBI Synonym Full Names: | protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 2 |
| NCBI Official Symbol: | PRKAG2 |
| NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | AAKG; CMH6; WPWS; AAKG2; H91620p |
| NCBI Protein Information: | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 |
| UniProt Protein Name: | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2 |
| UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | H91620p |
| Protein Family: | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase |
| UniProt Gene Name: | PRKAG2 |
