UniProt Protein Function: | Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) referred to as A-to-I RNA editing. This may affect gene expression and function in a number of ways that include mRNA translation by changing codons and hence the amino acid sequence of proteins; pre-mRNA splicing by altering splice site recognition sequences; RNA stability by changing sequences involved in nuclease recognition; genetic stability in the case of RNA virus genomes by changing sequences during viral RNA replication; and RNA structure-dependent activities such as microRNA production or targeting or protein-RNA interactions. Can edit both viral and cellular RNAs and can edit RNAs at multiple sites (hyper-editing) or at specific sites (site-specific editing). Its cellular RNA substrates include: bladder cancer-associated protein (BLCAP), neurotransmitter receptors for glutamate (GRIA2 and GRIK2) and serotonin (HTR2C), GABA receptor (GABRA3) and potassium voltage-gated channel (KCNA1). Site-specific RNA editing of transcripts encoding these proteins results in amino acid substitutions which consequently alter their functional activities. Edits GRIA2 at both the Q/R and R/G sites efficiently but converts the adenosine in hotspot1 much less efficiently. Can exert a proviral effect towards human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and enhances its replication via both an editing-dependent and editing-independent mechanism. The former involves editing of adenosines in the 5'UTR while the latter occurs via suppression of EIF2AK2/PKR activation and function. Can inhibit cell proliferation and migration and can stimulate exocytosis. |
NCBI Summary: | This gene encodes the enzyme responsible for pre-mRNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunit B by site-specific deamination of adenosines. Studies in rat found that this enzyme acted on its own pre-mRNA molecules to convert an AA dinucleotide to an AI dinucleotide which resulted in a new splice site. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants, some of which have been characterized by the presence or absence of an ALU cassette insert and a short or long C-terminal region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] |
UniProt Code: | P78563 |
NCBI GenInfo Identifier: | 4501919 |
NCBI Gene ID: | 104 |
NCBI Accession: | NP_001103.1 |
UniProt Secondary Accession: | P78563,O00395, O00465, O00691, O00692, P78555, A6NFK8 A6NJ84, C3TTQ1, C3TTQ2, C9JUP4, G5E9B4, |
UniProt Related Accession: | P78563 |
Molecular Weight: | 73,665 Da |
NCBI Full Name: | double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 isoform 1 |
NCBI Synonym Full Names: | adenosine deaminase, RNA specific B1 |
NCBI Official Symbol: | ADARB1 |
NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: | RED1; ADAR2; DRABA2; DRADA2 |
NCBI Protein Information: | double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 |
UniProt Protein Name: | Double-stranded RNA-specific editase 1 |
UniProt Synonym Protein Names: | RNA-editing deaminase 1; RNA-editing enzyme 1; dsRNA adenosine deaminase |
UniProt Gene Name: | ADARB1 |